Anderson, T. (2005). Relationships among internet attitudes, internet use, romantic beliefs, and perceptions of online romantic relationships. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, 8(6), 521–531.
This article first examines the factors impacting online romantic relationships, and then the author made demography of participants. He analyzed their internet affinity, internet usage, perceived realism of the internet, and romantic belief. These factors help further to understand participants’ attitudes about the online romantic relationship.
Bareket-Bojmel, L., & Shahar, G. (2011). Emotional and interpersonal consequences of self-disclosure in a lived, online Interaction. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology. 30 (7), 732-759.
In this article, the authors explained the self-disclosure theory. They figured out the ambiguous parts of self-disclosure, such as the effect on emotion and the development of closeness. These authors focused on the positive information exchanging during the self-disclosure.
Bartle, R. (1996). Hearts, clubs, diamonds, spades: Players who suit MUDs. Journal of MUD research, 1(1), 19.
This article roughly described the four-player types and their characteristics. Then Bartle mentioned the relationship between each type, and he also compared each type.
Bartle, R. (2015). MMOs from the inside out: The history, design, fun, and art of massively-multiplayer online role-playing games. Berkeley, CA: Apress L. P
Bartle talked about four types of players and categorized them into Achiever, Explorers, Socializers, and Killers. He also explained the different goals and activities of these players. This category helps to understand why players establish or maintain a romantic relationship in video games.
Bekoff, M. (1995). Playing signals as punctuation: The nature of social play in canids. Behavior, 132, 419-429.
In this paper, the author discusses why animals, especially mammals, have particular playing behavior. He also gives some essential elements of play, which are initiation and maintenance.
Ben-Zeʼev, A. (2005). Love online: Emotions on the Internet. Cambridge University Press.
In this book, the author listed most aspects of an online relationship. He explained the reasons of intention and motivation for online relationships; he also mentioned the factors that influence online dating, and the differences between online dating and offline relationships.
Bucher, A., Neubauer, A.B., & Voss, A. (2019). Together is better: Higher committed relationships increase life satisfaction and reduce loneliness. J Happiness Stud, 20, 2445–2469. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-018-0057-1
The study examines the discrepancies among singles, mingles, and couples through longitudinal analysis. When the participants finished the online questionnaires, they analyzed the result and indicated that relatedness and commitment increase satisfaction and lower loneliness during a relationship.
Chelune, G. J., Sultan, F. E., & Williams, C. L. (1980). Loneliness, self-disclosure, and interpersonal effectiveness. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 27(5), 462–468. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.27.5.462
The author tested the correlation between a romantic relationship and loneliness. This article is based on self-disclosure theory. From the survey, the author concluded that the lonely person has weak ability of self-disclosure, and that is the reason why they don’t have a good-quality relationship. Moreover, people who enjoy a relationship with a good self-disclosure experience less loneliness.
Fagen, P. M. (1981). Animal play behavior. New York: Oxford University Press.
In this book, the author mentioned the playing behavior depends on the environment. To accommodate to the diversity of the climate and environment, mammals have different playing behaviors. This book hypothesized that humans are born with the “playing” capacity, and this ability will deliver to the next generation, increasing the possibility of survival.
Jourard, S. M. (1964). The transparent self: Self-disclosure and well-being. Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand.
Jourard, in this book, came up with the self-disclosure theory. He talked about the different degrees of self-disclosure and how it influences an individual’s social life.
Jourard, S. M. (1971). Self-disclosure: An experimental analysis of the transparent self. John Wiley.
Jourard updated more details about self-disclosure theory. He mentioned that self-disclosure is a crucial factor in establishing an intimate relationship. Interpersonal communication starts with a low level of trust and self-exposure.
Kowert, D. (2014). The relationship between online video game involvement and gaming-related friendships among emotionally sensitive individuals. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 17(7), 447–453. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2013.0656
In this article, the author believes that the online video game provides players a more comfortable place to build relationships. Especially for sensitive players, video games have the potential power to generate new friendships online.
Lowe, C. (2017). Developing and maintaining an online romantic relationship. ProQuest Dissertations Publishing.
Lowe employed three basic theory: Social penetration model, social learning theory, and the stimulus- role-value theory. Based on these theories, Lowe examined the factors to develop and maintain an online romantic relationship.
Pennebaker, J., Zech, E., & Rimé, B. (2001). Disclosing and sharing emotion: Psychological, social, and health consequences. 517-539.
This chapter discusses the complexities and contents of social sharing and self-disclosure. The authors found some advantages of self-disclosure during personal interaction, such as improving health and comfortableness.
Rempel, J. K., Holmes, J. G., & Zanna, M. P. (1985). Trust in close relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49, 95-112.
The authors talked about trustiness in a relationship. The result is that trustiness, liking, and motivation improve to keep a relationship, and trustiness is dependent on predictability and dependability. They also mentioned that happiness in a relationship are based on faith and trust.
Sheldon, P. (2009). “I’ll poke you. You’ll poke me!” Self-disclosure, social attraction, predictability and trust as important predictors of Facebook relationships. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 3(2).
The author mainly discussed the relationship between self-disclosure, predictability, and trust. He indicated that higher predictability and disclosure would have trust between people, reducing uncertainty, and increasing likability.
Shepherd, D. (2016). Building relationships: Online dating and the new logics of internet culture. Lexington Books.
This book mainly focused on the analysis of online dating sites. It also mentioned how to generate a successful online dating and the further way of online dating, such as marriage and family.
Sherry, J., Greenberg, B., Lucas, S., & Lachlan, K. (2006). Video game uses and gratifications as predictors of use and game preference. International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship, 8, 213-224.
In this article, the authors had a questionnaire for participants who have experience of the online relationship. From this study, they figured out the reasons behind it. They investigated that the online romantic relationship is regarded as emotional arouse, intense connection, and supports.
Vorder, P., & Bryant, J. (2012). Playing video games: Motives, responses, and consequences. Mahwah, New Jersey: Erlbaum.
The book provided the details of the different player’s types and demonstrated each type’s activities. This chapter also demonstrated the motivations behind it. Moreover, the authors used this category as a method to design a game.
Wheeless, L. R., Frymier, A. B., & Thompson, C. A. (1992). A comparison of verbal output and receptivity in relation to attraction and communication satisfaction in interpersonal relationships. Communication Quarterly, 40, 102-115
In this article, the authors tried to find the correlation between human communication and behaviors. The authors stated that the quality and quantity of communication affect the evaluation of a relationship. Appropriate and meaningful communication gains trust and likability.
Wildermuth, S. M., & Vogl-Bauer, S. (2007). We met on the Net: Exploring the perceptions of online romantic relationship participants, Southern Communication Journal, 72(3), 211-227.
In this article, authors had a survey for participants who experienced online relationship. From the survey, they investigated the reasons behind it. They found that the online romantic relationship is described as emotional arouse, strong connection and supports.
Williams, D., Yee, N., & Caplan, S. E. (2008). Who plays, how much, and why? Debunking the stereotypical gamer profile. Journal of computer-mediated communication, 13(4), 993-1018.
In this article, the authors focused on the motivation and varieties of players. They carefully examined the previous researches and compared Bartle’s taxonomy and Yee’s new categories.
Wolf, M. (2008). The video game explosion: A history from PONG to PlayStation and beyond. Greenwood Press.
This book introduced video game history, from the early stage (Arcade game) to Nintendo and PlayStation. It talks about how video game technology developed and how it influenced players’ behaviors.
Yee, N. (2006). Motivations for play in online games. Cyber Psychology & behavior, 9(6), 772-775.
Rooted from Bartle’s theory (Four types), Yee reorganized and categorized the player types. He considered that Bartle’s taxonomy was partial and incomplete, so he divided the original four types into ten types. Yee also considered different types of motivations can combine and work together.
Zech, E., & Rimé, B. (2005). Is talking about an emotional experience helpful: Effects on emotional recovery and perceived benefits. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 12, 270-287.
This article discussed that exchanging emotions or events improve people regain and heal emotions, especially discussing about a unique event that provides emotional recovery and perceived benefits.
